Joost van Rossum

This article by Joost van Rossum (Saint Sergius Institute) examines Paul Evdokimov's reading of Carl Gustav Jung's *Antwort auf Hiob* (1952), a work that had profoundly disturbed Christian theological circles. Proceeding through a comparative analysis of the two authors, van Rossum first reconstructs Jung's main theses — the archaic and antinomic figure of Yahweh, the role of Sophia, the psychological interpretation of the Incarnation and the Apocalypse — before showing how Evdokimov reinterprets them within an Orthodox and patristic framework. The central contribution of the article is to highlight the method of "purifying integration" characteristic of Evdokimov: rather than refuting Jung, he implicitly rewrites his insights by grounding them in Palamas's theology of divine energies, the Christology of Maximus the Confessor, and the sophiological tradition, while silently correcting the slippages between psychology and theology that van Rossum, for his part, explicitly identifies.

This article by Joost van Rossum examines the convergences and divergences between Gregory Palamas's theology of divine energies and the sophiology of Father Sergius Bulgakov, taking the problem of creation as its starting point. Proceeding through comparative study, the author shows that both theologians share several fundamental intuitions: the link between God and the created world, the eternity of divine prototypes, and the cosmic dimension of salvation. However, van Rossum establishes that sophiology, by positing a divine Sophia ontologically identical to the nature of God, tends toward pantheism and abandons the experiential apophaticism that characterizes Palamas. The Palamite distinction between divine essence and energies thus emerges as the only theological framework capable of simultaneously affirming the real deification of man, the sanctification of the cosmos, and the absolute transcendence of God, without lapsing into philosophical speculation.