Linguistic and philosophical approaches to the Trinitarian question

This article examines the theological controversy of the *Filioque* through a cross-analysis of Byzantine and Latin linguistic and philosophical traditions. Adopting a comparative approach, Maryse Dennes shows that the disagreement between East and West over the procession of the Holy Spirit is not merely a doctrinal dispute, but is rooted in distinct cultural and linguistic presuppositions: whereas Greek privileges the person (*hypostasis*) as an irreducible reality, Latin begins from the divine essence common to the three persons. The article traces the historical stages of this divergence, from Augustine to Palamas, by way of Photius and Thomas Aquinas, and draws on Russian thinkers — notably Soloviev and Evdokimov — to show that the two traditions, far from being irreconcilably opposed, maintain a relationship of complementarity. The principal contribution lies in the articulation between linguistic determinism, philosophical horizon, and Trinitarian interpretation.