The new man

This previously unpublished article by Paul Evdokimov addresses the question of the new man at the crossroads of the contemporary religious crisis and modern anthropologies. Drawing on engaged theological meditation, the text confronts the great secular ideologies — positivism, Nietzscheanism, Marxism, existentialism — with the Christian vision of man. The central idea is that atheistic humanism, despite its Promethean ambitions, fails to produce a genuine human renewal, as it remains prisoner of the "old man." Only the "second birth" in Christ, understood as participation in divine holiness, constitutes an authentic transcendence. The theological contribution of the article lies in the articulation between patristic anthropology, ecclesiology and eschatology: holiness, the universal vocation of the baptized, is presented as the Orthodox response to the modern quest for a new man, rooted in the tradition of the Fathers and open to dialogue with the contemporary world.